Bone Marrow Transplant in case of Leukemia

DELHI, India - Aug. 7, 2018 - PRLog -- Leukemia also known as blood cancer is caused by abnormally high production of white blood cells or leukocytes. The excessive blood cells start accumulating hereby occupying more space. As a result there is no space left for healthy white blood cells. The problem can affect people of all age groups and can turn out to be life threatening if not treated on time. Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in small children especially below the age of 15. The leading bone marrow transplant doctor in India has reported a considerable increase in the number of people opting for bone marrow transplant in India per annum. Although the problem was at first considered being incurable but with gradual developments in the field of medical science, considerable progress was made in this direction and ultimately we have reached an era where we can easily fight this fatal disease. The most important step in this direction was bone marrow transplant.  The procedure has helped to cure millions of patients and given a new ray of hope to many more. There are a wide number of hospitals that provide the facility of bone marrow transplant in India. One of the well-known hospitals for cancer treatment in the country has a team of the most top notch oncologists including the best bone marrow transplant specialist.

Our blood consists of three different types of cells namely red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and platelets, which help to carry oxygen to different parts of the body and help to fight various diseases respectively. The problem majorly starts from the bone marrow. On maturing, the stem cells in our bone marrow start developing into the three types of blood cells. However in case of patient suffering from blood cancer, there is an uncontrollable growth of abnormal blood cells which hinder the growth of healthy red blood cells and platelets. The malignancy adversely affects our blood, bone marrow and lymphatic system.

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The major symptoms of blood cancer all leukemia are weakness, bleeding gums, decreased Immunity which affects the ability to fight various infections, fluctuating body temperature, cold sweats, weight loss, breathlessness, fatigue, increased fragility of bones, excessive pain in the back, neck and abdomen, anorexia etc. The patient feels a frequent urge to vomit and experiences difficulty in urinating. The lymph nodes of a person suffering from leukemia are drastically affected. The major risk factors include ageing, family history and weak immunity. Leukemia can also be caused by certain infections that trigger the accumulation of abnormal blood cells.

Leukemia can be easily countered by two different treatment procedures which include bone marrow transplant or chemotherapy.

Bone marrow transplant or Hematopoietic stem cell transplant is the medical procedure of substituting damaged bone marrow with healthy bone marrow, obtained from a donor by two different ways i.e bone marrow harvest or leukapheresis. Bone marrow harvest involves a minor surgery and the patient is kept unconscious under the influence of influence of general anesthesia which makes it a pain free experience. The bone marrow is then taken from the hip bones of the donor. In case of leukapheresis, the donor is prescribed certain medications which are to be taken prior to the surgery. These medicines help to transfer the stem cells from the bone marrow to the blood from where it is easily removed with the help of an IV line. The stem cells are then separated from the blood and this filtered blood is again returned to the donor.

However bone marrow transplant should only be considered when all the alternative methods fail to give satisfactory results. The alternative methods include Myeloablative treatment or reduced intensity treatment.

Bone marrow transplant can you have three different types which are mentioned below:

·         Autologous bone marrow transplant- also known as rescue transplant, this procedure involves the removal of stem cells prior to the chemotherapy or radiation therapy. The stem cells are are freezed at a very low temperature and transferred back into the patient's body after the therapy to initiate the growth of healthy blood cells.

• Allogeneic bone marrow transplant- In this procedure, the stem cells are taken from a donor. But this requires high compatibility of genes. Special screenings and tests are required before the procedure in order to. The donor can be a close relative like a brother, sister or parents. However it is not necessary that the donor should be related to the recipient by blood and the right match can also be found via national bone marrow registries.

·      Umbilical cord blood transplant- This is a considerably new procedure and carried out removing stem cells from the umbilical cord of an infant right after birth. These stem cells are stored at a very low temperature and used only when required. This method can not only be used to treat Leukemia but many other life threatening diseases as well.

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